<?phpdefined('ABSPATH') || exit;

class ACI_ImageGen {
	
	const POLLINATIONS_BASE = 'https://image.pollinations.ai/prompt/';
	
	public static function generate_and_upload(string $title, int $post_id, array $opts = []): int {
		$style    = $opts['image_style']    ?? 'photo';
		$pick     = $opts['image_pick']     ?? 'random';
		$provider = $opts['image_provider'] ?? 'pollinations';
		$api_key  = $opts['image_api_key']  ?? '';
		
		$path = false;
		switch ($provider) {
			case 'unsplash': $path = self::fetch_unsplash($title, $api_key); break;
			case 'pexels':   $path = self::fetch_pexels($title, $api_key);   break;
			default:         $path = self::fetch_pollinations($title, $style); break;
		}
		
		if (!$path) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: no image', ['post_id' => $post_id, 'provider' => $provider]); return 0; }
		
		$att_id = self::attach($path, $post_id, $title);
		if (!$att_id) @unlink($path);
		return $att_id;
	}
	
	/* ---- Providers ---- */
	
	private static function fetch_pollinations(string $title, string $style): string|false {
		$map = ['photo'=>'realistic high quality photo','illustration'=>'digital illustration',
			   'artistic'=>'artistic painting','3d'=>'3D render','flat'=>'flat design vector art'];
		$clean = preg_replace('/[^\p{L}\p{N}\s]/u', ' ', mb_substr($title, 0, 80));
		$prompt = ($map[$style] ?? 'realistic high quality photo') . ', ' . trim($clean) . ', professional, no text, no watermark';
		$seed = abs(crc32($title . time())) % 99999;
		$url = self::POLLINATIONS_BASE . urlencode($prompt) . '?seed=' . $seed . '&width=1200&height=630&nologo=true&model=flux';
		return self::download_image($url, $title);
	}
	
	private static function fetch_unsplash(string $title, string $api_key): string|false {
		if (!$api_key) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: Unsplash API key missing'); return false; }
		$keyword = urlencode(mb_substr($title, 0, 50));
		$api_url = "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/random?query={$keyword}&orientation=landscape&content_filter=high";
		$resp = wp_remote_get($api_url, [
			'timeout' => 20, 'sslverify' => false,
			'headers' => ['Authorization' => 'Client-ID ' . $api_key, 'Accept-Version' => 'v1'],
			]);
		if (is_wp_error($resp)) { ACI_Logger::error('ImageGen Unsplash', ['err' => $resp->get_error_message()]); return false; }
		$data = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($resp), true);
		$img_url = $data['urls']['regular'] ?? ($data['urls']['full'] ?? '');
		if (!$img_url) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: Unsplash no URL', ['resp' => substr(wp_remote_retrieve_body($resp), 0, 200)]); return false; }
		return self::download_image($img_url, $title);
	}
	
	private static function fetch_pexels(string $title, string $api_key): string|false {
		if (!$api_key) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: Pexels API key missing'); return false; }
		$keyword = urlencode(mb_substr($title, 0, 50));
		$api_url = "https://api.pexels.com/v1/search?query={$keyword}&per_page=1&orientation=landscape";
		$resp = wp_remote_get($api_url, [
			'timeout' => 20, 'sslverify' => false,
			'headers' => ['Authorization' => $api_key],
			]);
		if (is_wp_error($resp)) { ACI_Logger::error('ImageGen Pexels', ['err' => $resp->get_error_message()]); return false; }
		$data = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($resp), true);
		$img_url = $data['photos'][0]['src']['large2x'] ?? ($data['photos'][0]['src']['large'] ?? '');
		if (!$img_url) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: Pexels no URL', ['resp' => substr(wp_remote_retrieve_body($resp), 0, 200)]); return false; }
		return self::download_image($img_url, $title);
	}
	
	/* ---- Shared helpers ---- */
	
	private static function download_image(string $url, string $title): string|false {
		$resp = wp_remote_get($url, [
			'timeout' => 45, 'redirection' => 10, 'sslverify' => false,
			'user-agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36',
			'headers' => ['Accept' => 'image/webp,image/png,image/jpeg,image/*'],
			]);
		if (is_wp_error($resp)) { ACI_Logger::error('ImageGen download', ['err' => $resp->get_error_message()]); return false; }
		if ((int)wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($resp) !== 200) { ACI_Logger::warn('ImageGen: non-200', ['code' => wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($resp)]); return false; }
		$body = wp_remote_retrieve_body($resp);
		if (strlen($body) < 1000) return false;
		$ext = self::detect_ext($body);
		if (!$ext) return false;
		$upload = wp_upload_dir();
		if (!empty($upload['error']) || !wp_mkdir_p($upload['path'])) return false;
		$slug = sanitize_title(mb_substr($title, 0, 40)) ?: 'image';
		$path = trailingslashit($upload['path']) . $slug . '-' . time() . '.' . $ext;
		if (file_put_contents($path, $body) === false) return false;
		return $path;
	}
	
	private static function detect_ext(string $body): string|false {
		$h = substr($body, 0, 12);
		if (str_starts_with($h, "\xFF\xD8\xFF")) return 'jpg';
		if (str_starts_with($h, "\x89PNG\r\n\x1A\n")) return 'png';
		if (str_starts_with($h, 'RIFF') && substr($h, 8, 4) === 'WEBP') return 'webp';
		if (str_starts_with($h, 'GIF8')) return 'gif';
		return false;
	}
	
	private static function attach(string $path, int $post_id, string $title): int {
		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';
		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/file.php';
		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/media.php';
		$upload = wp_upload_dir();
		$filetype = wp_check_filetype(basename($path));
		if (empty($filetype['type'])) $filetype['type'] = 'image/jpeg';
		$att_id = wp_insert_attachment([
			'post_mime_type' => $filetype['type'],
			'post_title'     => sanitize_text_field($title),
			'post_content'   => '',
			'post_status'    => 'inherit',
			'guid'           => str_replace($upload['basedir'], $upload['baseurl'], $path),
			], $path, $post_id);
		if (is_wp_error($att_id)) { ACI_Logger::error('ImageGen attach', ['err' => $att_id->get_error_message()]); return 0; }
		$meta = wp_generate_attachment_metadata($att_id, $path);
		if ($meta) wp_update_attachment_metadata($att_id, $meta);
		set_post_thumbnail($post_id, $att_id);
		return $att_id;
	}
}
		])
	}
	}
		])
	}
		])
	}
		])
	}
	}
		}
	}
}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0"
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	xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>Antique &#8211; InKend</title>
	<atom:link href="https://www.inkend.com/tag/antique/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://www.inkend.com</link>
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	<lastBuildDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 20:22:21 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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	hourly	</sy:updatePeriod>
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	<item>
		<title>Sagalassos Ancient City Pictures</title>
		<link>https://www.inkend.com/holiday/sagalassos-ancient-city-pictures_2282/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[inkend]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 20:22:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Holiday]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Sagalassos Ancient City Pictures can give you information about this tourist place.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sagalassos Ancient City Pictures can give you information about this tourist place.</p>
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		<title>Aspendos Ancient City Pictures</title>
		<link>https://www.inkend.com/holiday/aspendos-ancient-city-pictures_2280/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[inkend]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:52:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Holiday]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelAspendos Ancient City Pictures Aspendos Ancient City Pictures October 13, 2021 0 Aspendos Ancient City]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelAspendos Ancient City Pictures			</p>
<p>			Aspendos Ancient City Pictures</p>
<p>								October 13, 2021							</p>
<p>								0							</p>
<p>Aspendos Ancient City Pictures can give you information about this historical tourist place.</p>
<p>antikaspendoskentresim				</p>
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		<title>Selinus Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide</title>
		<link>https://www.inkend.com/holiday/selinus-ancient-city-holiday-travel-guide_2278/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:50:56 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelSelinus Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide Selinus Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide October 16, 2021]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelSelinus Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide			</p>
<p>			Selinus Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide</p>
<p>								October 16, 2021							</p>
<p>Located on a cape called Kale Tepe in the Pamphylia region, on the mountainous Cilicia coast, to the south of where the stream of the same name flows into the sea, the city is located 3 km southwest of today&#8217;s Gazipaşa and 40 km southeast of Alanya. It was named as the western border of Pirindu King Appuasu (557/6 BC) and is an important port city providing the sea connection to Cyprus. WORK.</p>
<p>After the death of Roman Emperor Trajan in Selinus on his way back from the Parther Expedition in 117, the city changed its name to Trajanopolis. Emperor Valirian&#8217;s A.D. After his imprisonment in 260, it was occupied by King Sapur I. It is also counted among the Isaura cities in Hierocles. I. It was clearly worn out by raids from Isaura around A.D. 450.</p>
<p>In order to protect against other attacks, a church was built in sacred Thekla over the entrance of the castle on the hill. The settlement, which is on a high island, descends to the sea in the rocky south. The pre-Roman settlement was probably on the southwestern edge, near the rocky headland. During the early Roman period, it expanded towards the beach plain across the winding Musa Stream (Selinus Potamos).</p>
<p>The change of the stream bed in small areas many times eroded the Roman period city area in sections. It is possible to see the ruins of a two-room bath with a barrel vault where the Selinus (Hacımusa) Stream flows into the sea. Although the columns of the seaside agora have disappeared, traces of stylobates can be seen.</p>
<p>It is possible to see the ruins of a two-room bath with a barrel vault where the Selinus (Hacımusa) Stream flows into the sea. Although the columns of the seaside agora have disappeared, traces of stylobates can be seen. When you go east from the agora, you come across a building (church) with an apse. It is highly likely that this structure was built on an old temple. There is a monumental building to the east of the church.</p>
<p>It is the only Islamic structure in the city and the area around the entrance gate is decorated with Seljuk Period motifs. It is thought that these ruins belong to a mansion. The tomb structures in the city&#8217;s necropolis are monumental tombs with arches and barrel vaults, and they reveal the burial customs of the Cilicia Region in the most beautiful way. Some of the city&#8217;s aqueducts have survived to the present day.</p>
<p>Roman Emperor Trajan died in this city while returning from the Parthian expedition and his ashes were taken to Rome.</p>
<p>The ruins date back to the Roman, Byzantine and Medieval Periods. The structures, streets, houses and cisterns that have survived to this day partially date back to the Early Ottoman period. In the plain, between the mountains and the stream, there is a large bath, an odeion and a large area from the Roman period. The financial source of the new buildings must have come from the imperial palace.</p>
<p>However, apart from a small necropolis, only an Aquaduct (aqueduct), a theater and a basilica remain. Although the buildings in the square today belong to the Seljuk period, the marble spolia pieces indicate that a monumental building in the Corinthian order stood there. To the southwest of the ruins, on the edge of the imperial necropolis, there is a three-naved basilica from the Early Byzantine period.</p>
<p>Numerous imperial period tomb houses, some with inscriptions on their doors, are located irregularly in the tea bed. There is a small church from the middle Byzantine period in the necropolis.</p>
<p>At the top of the rocky hill is a castle whose current state probably dates back to the early Ottoman period.</p>
<p>					antiquegezikurbanselinustatil				</p>
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		<title>Termessos Ancient City Holiday Travel Guide</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[inkend]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:49:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Holiday]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[It is one of the most interesting ancient cities around Antalya. 1050 m above the]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It is one of the most interesting ancient cities around Antalya. 1050 m above the Taurus Mountains. It is a Pisidian city built at a high altitude. A distinctive feature of Termessos is that it is located within the Termessos National Park and that it coexists with many protected plant and animal species, creating a unique synthesis. When you turn towards Korkuteli from the 11th km of the Antalya-Burdur highway, it is 14 km. Then the Termessos signboard is seen.</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The distance to Termessos from here is 9 km. To visit Termessos, you need some time and a little love for walking. Because the city is located in a completely mountainous and rugged area.</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The people of Termessos are called Solyms. Unlike other ancient cities, Solyms are not tribes that came from the sea. They are entirely of Anatolian origin. The known history of Termessos dates back to Alexander the Great in B.C. It begins with the siege of Termessos in 333. Alexander could not capture this city, which he compared to a hawk&#8217;s nest. Termessos I.S. It survived until the 5th century.</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">City Walls, Hadrian&#8217;s Gate, Water Cisterns, Theatre, Gymnasium, Agora, Odeon and Hereon are some of the important works of the city. The cemetery spread over a wide area and monumental tombs such as Alketas, Agatemeros and Arslanlı Tomb attract everyone&#8217;s admiration.</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ARIASSOS</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">At approximately the 48th km of the Antalya-Burdur highway, before reaching the mountain, turn left and reach Ariassos with a 1 km road. Ariassos, an ancient mountain city, was founded in a valley dominating the surroundings. It is a city worth seeing with its entrance gate, baths, rock tombs and tomb monuments.</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph">antiquetravelcitytravelholitermessos				</p>


<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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		<title>Selge Ancient City</title>
		<link>https://www.inkend.com/holiday/selge-ancient-city_2275/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:48:05 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelSelge Ancient City Selge Ancient City October 19, 2021 Selge ; After passing the Köprülü]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelSelge Ancient City			</p>
<p>			Selge Ancient City</p>
<p>								October 19, 2021							</p>
<p>Selge ; After passing the Köprülü stream on the Antalya-Manavgat highway, TAĞIL is 55 km northwards from the Beşkonak road junction. On the southern slopes of the Taurus Mountains, near Köprüçayı, 950 m from the sea. Selge, built at a high altitude, is an ancient Pisidian Mountain City. You can reach Selge via a steep and winding 12-13 km road after the Köprülü Canyon. The road to Selge passes through Köprülü Canyon, which is very rich in natural beauty.</p>
<p>On the road; There are carved rocks that resemble the fairy chimneys in Ürgüp and Göreme and cover the entire mountain slope. The rocks formed by the erosion of the karst structure are called &#8220;Man Rocks&#8221; or &#8220;Devil Rocks&#8221; in the region.</p>
<p>It is thought that Selge was founded by Kalehes. The city, which was a part of Pisidia, was later included within the borders of Pamphylia. The city remained under Lydian, Persian, Alexander and Roman rule respectively. Ruins in the city; The theater in the north with 5 doors and 45 steps is the most important and best preserved monument. To the south of the theater is the Stadium and Gymnasium, and to the west is the Ionic temple whose ceiling is decorated with an eagle motif.</p>
<p>There is a fountain and agora in the south of the stadium. There are Artemis and Zeus monuments and a Necropolis to the north of the walls extending in the southwest of the city. There are water cisterns to the west of these temples, and sarcophagi and ornate tomb monuments to the north. The main entrance gate of the city is also located in this section. To the north of the walls, there are ruins of two temples on the hill, one dedicated to Zeus and the other to Artemis.</p>
<p>Market place (agora), monumental fountain building, grave area (necropolis) and Byzantine church are the other ruins in Selge. Today, there is still a village called Altınkaya (Zerk) among the ruins of this ancient city.</p>
<p>At approximately the 35th km of the SillonAntalya – Alanya highway, turn north and 8 km. Then Sillyon is reached. The city was built on a flat plain, on an elliptical plateau standing above the plain like a table. It has a position that completely dominates the environment. The field of view extends to the Mediterranean. Founded in B.C. IV. century.</p>
<p>Just as it lived through the Hellenic, Roman and Byzantine periods, it was also used during the Seljuk period and was further enriched with new buildings. Stadium, Gymnasium, Towers, Seljuk Mosque, Theater and sports facilities, the stage part of which was completely lost due to the collapse of the rocks, are some of the interesting structures.</p>
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		<title>Aizonai, the City of Kings, Holiday Travel Guide</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:46:38 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelAizonai, the City of Kings, Holiday Travel Guide Aizonai, the City of Kings, Holiday Travel]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelAizonai, the City of Kings, Holiday Travel Guide			</p>
<p>			Aizonai, the City of Kings, Holiday Travel Guide</p>
<p>								October 20, 2021							</p>
<p>								0</p>
<p>Aizonai Pictures</p>
<p>The ancient city, located in the Çavdarhisar district center of Kütahya, dates back to 3000 BC. 120 000 people lived in the city, where the famous Zeus temple is located.</p>
<p>After passing through the Roman bridge rising over the waters of Koça Stream, you enter a large area surrounded by wire fences where the Temple of Zeus, one of the best preserved Roman temples in Anatolia, is located, and you set foot in the Ancient City of Aizonai. Huge podiums and high columns make you feel the magnificence of this city and that it once served kings. There is no one who does not know the name and story of the Temple of Zeus.</p>
<p>Not many people know that this temple is located in the Aizonai Ancient City. This ancient city, built three thousand years ago, has attracted the attention of civilizations throughout the ages. It is thought that the name of the city of Aizonai, located in Çavdarhisar district center, 57 km away from Kütahya, comes from the mythological hero Azan. According to legend, Azan is the son of Zeus.</p>
<p>He is the son of one of his daughters, the Nymph Erato, and King Arkas, one of the Arcadian nobles. Like many hills in the south where the pioneer Phrygians settled, Aizonai is one of the main settlements of the Phrygians. During the excavations carried out around the Temple of Zeus, located on the high plateau of the city, B.C. Settlement layers dating back to 3000 thousand years ago have been unearthed.</p>
<p>One of the settlement mounds recently discovered in many parts of the plain is on the site of this main sanctuary in the early periods of Anatolia. While this region was alternately connected to Pergamum and Bithyni during the Hellenistic period, B.C. It came under Roman rule in 133 BC. II. It is known that the first coins of Aizonai were discovered in the first half of the century. Thanks to grain cultivation, wine and wool production during the Roman Empire</p>
<p>In Aizonai, which became rich and its fame went beyond the borders of the region, definite evidence of urbanization can be found only towards the end of the first century. While Aizonai was a bishopric center in the Early Byzantine Period, VII. It has lost its importance since the century. The temple plain was converted into a fortress in the Middle Ages. It was used as a base by the Çavdar Tatars during the Seljuk Principality period (13th century).</p>
<p>That&#8217;s why it was named Çavdarhisar. The region was rediscovered by European travelers in 1824 and was examined and described in the 1830s and 1840s. In 1926, excavations of the German Archaeological Institute started under the direction of M. Schede and D. Krencher. Studies have been continuing since 1970.</p>
<p>It is estimated that around 120 thousand people lived in the ancient city at the time. Among the ruins, there is the Temple of Zeus, a theater with a capacity of 20 thousand people and an adjacent stadium with a capacity of 13 thousand 500 people, two baths, the world&#8217;s first stock exchange building, a street with columns, five bridges over Kocaçay, two of which are still standing, the sacred area of ​​Meter Steunene, necropolises, an ancient dam on Kocaçay, waterways and monumental gate structures.</p>
<p>The ancient city of Aizonai is contemporary with cities such as Ephesus, Pergamum and Side. The history of Aizonai dates back to B.C. Although it dates back to the 3rd millennium BC, it can be seen in the city.</p>
<p>All of the structures are 1-2. century belongs to the Roman period. The Temple of Zeus, identified with the city, was also built during this period. It is thought that the temple was dedicated to the mother goddess Kybele as well as Zeus. Other ruins that can be seen in Aizonai include the theater and the adjacent Stadium, the street with columns thought to be 450 meters long, the Gymnasium, the bathhouse and the monumental tomb.</p>
<p>Some of the artifacts unearthed from the excavations in the city are exhibited in the Kütahya Museum. The ancient city of Aizonai, known for its magnificent Zeus temple, is located approximately 57 km inland from the main road. To reach Aizonai, you need to go to Çavdarhisar district and turn towards Emet from there.</p>
<p>The ancient city is only a few kilometers away from Çavdarhisar. Zeus Temple, Aizonai Zeus Temple is a rare example among the ancient structures in Anatolia that has survived to the present day by preserving its original shape. The Temple of Zeus is a double temple dedicated to Zeus and Kybele, as its vaulted infrastructure indicates. The pseudodipteros-shaped temple made of marble has 15 columns on the long side and eight columns on the short side.</p>
<p>It was built during the Roman Empire during the time of &#8220;Emperor Hadrian&#8221;. Agora, Hereon and Doric Agora.</p>
<p>Agora consists of the colonnaded courtyard in front of the Temple of Zeus and the Hereon inside it. Located on a marble-covered podium, Hereon is thought to be a mausoleum built for one of the city&#8217;s notables. To the south of the Agora is the Doric Agora, built adjacent to it. Only a small part of these magnificent structures, most of which were buried under village houses and gardens, have survived.</p>
<p>macellum</p>
<p>The quadrangular area to the south of the ancient site is the Macellum, which was used as a food market. The round planned building in the middle of this area dates back to A.D. 3rd century It is the &#8220;Stock Exchange Building&#8221; built in 1966, where the ceiling prices are determined. Bath and Plaestra. Between the Stadium and the Temple area, there is the Bath complex with its columned courtyard and rich decorations. The rich marble coatings and water and heating channels of this symmetrical structure can be seen even today.</p>
<p>In front of the bath structure was the Palaestra, a large square-shaped courtyard where sports practices were held. Stadium and theater The Stadium Theater complex in Aizonai is unique. It was built by M.S. It started in the 1st century and was continued intermittently in the 3rd century. It lasted until a century. Since the stadium&#8217;s seating groups are slightly polygonal in shape, the structure expands in the middle.</p>
<p>The stadium façade of the wall separating the stadium and the theater was covered with marble, and the stage part of the theater was covered with rich marble decorations. These decorations were destroyed as a result of earthquakes. Roman Bridges are on the Koca Çay called Penkalas. There were five bridges connecting the two sides in ancient times. One of them is a wooden bridge built for pedestrians, and the other four are arched stone bridges.</p>
<p>Only two of them have survived to the present day. Columned Street was unearthed during excavations carried out between 1992 and 1995. aizonaigezicitycitytravelholiday				</p>
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		<title>Iasos Ancient City Milas Travel Guide</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:44:55 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelIasos Ancient City Milas Travel Guide Iasos Ancient City Milas Travel Guide April 4, 2022]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelIasos Ancient City Milas Travel Guide			</p>
<p>			Iasos Ancient City Milas Travel Guide</p>
<p>								April 4, 2022							</p>
<p>28 km from Milas. It was built on a peninsula surrounded by the sea on three sides in Kıyıkışlacık Village. Iasos, located on the opposite shore of Güllük in Mandalya Bay, is a small settlement established on and around the peninsula where Kıyıkışlacık (Asınkurin) village is located. According to legend, Iasos, founded by communities coming from Argos during the Milen period, was previously an island.</p>
<p>The oldest settlement in the city, which became a peninsula as alluviums filled in over time, dates back to B.C. It has been determined that it dates back to the end of the 3rd millennium. Important buildings of the ancient city are located on this peninsula. The great wall, aqueducts, tombs and the structure called the fish market are located outside the city walls.</p>
<p>The people of Iasos, who were engaged in fishing and trade years ago because there was little agricultural land, continue their old traditions today. However, tourism, real estate and farming and fishing have now been added to the above mentioned fishing and trade.</p>
<p>Iassos, where transportation has become easier with the completion of Güllük airport, looks like an open-air museum with its historical features and a fish paradise with its fish farms. The most important feature of Iassos, which also has wetlands fed by the tributary of the Menderes River, is that it has a protected &#8220;Bird Sanctuary&#8221; within its borders.</p>
<p>The visitors of the Güllük reeds and bird sanctuary in Iasos include coots, shepherds, mallards, pelicans and herons; It attracts hundreds of local and foreign tourists to the region. In addition to a quiet and peaceful holiday, Kıyıkışlacık beach also offers spearfishing opportunities to its enthusiasts.</p>
<p>Iasos, which is also one of the most important yacht stops in the Aegean, is considered the biggest rival of Bodrum and Güllük regions as it is a holiday destination that can be reached both by land and sea. Both Iassos and Zeytinli are building rapidly. 2000 residences have been completed in the rapidly developing sites in the charming and historical residential area that combines all this beauty. Some of them are under construction.</p>
<p>Some buildings look abandoned. 40% of the finished buildings were filled by summer residents. Housing prices vary between 80-150 billion as of July 2007.</p>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:43:29 +0000</pubDate>
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<p>			Ancient Cities Around Bodrum Travel Guide</p>
<p>								April 4, 2022							</p>
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<p>Ancient cities to visit near Bodrum.</p>
<p>Mandasa (Muğla-Bodrum)</p>
<p>It is thought that the ruins on the Türkbükü bay and Gölköy ridges in Bodrum are Madnasa, a Leleg city. Madnasa is a word derived from the Luwian language and means the city of the country &#8220;Ma&#8221;. Information about the history of the city is very limited.</p>
<p>We cannot find any other information in the sources except that the city, whose name is only mentioned by Pliny and Stephanos of Byzantium, paid a contribution of 2 talents to the Athens-Delos Naval Union in the 5th century B.C. The people living here were forced to migrate to Halicarnassus during the Mausallos period, and therefore the city was abandoned. No adequate research has been conducted on Madnasa.</p>
<p>However, the few city walls ruins on the hill, which is called the acropolis, attract attention. The walls are made of unprocessed broken stones, 1.5 m high. thick. No other remains were found in the surrounding area other than the tombs carved into the rocks.</p>
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		<title>Kedrai – Kedreai, Kedreiai – Sedir Island Trip</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 18:10:47 +0000</pubDate>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelKedrai – Kedreai, Kedreiai – Sedir Island Trip			</p>
<p>			Kedrai – Kedreai, Kedreiai – Sedir Island Trip</p>
<p>								April 6, 2022							</p>
<p>Kedrai, (Kedreai, Kedreiai, Sedir Island) is on Sedir (Sedre) Island on the east coast of Keramos Bay (sinus ceramicus) (now Gökova). It should be noted that the most important feature of Kedrai is its sands. These are not actually sand, but were formed after a chemical reaction of precipitated seashells, and they are found in 1-2 other places in the world.</p>
<p>They develop in the shallow bottom of warm seas, in waters saturated with Calcium Carbonate, and in the turbulent zone near the coast. They are in the form of shells wrapped in layers like a hailstone. Each membrane-thin shell is formed by the arrangement of many needle-like calcite (aragonite) crystals side by side.</p>
<p>Carbonate precipitation occurs at the bottom when carbon dioxide, which is dissolved in calcium bicarbonate fresh groundwater and plays a role in dissolving limestone, turns into gas during wave turbulence and leaves the environment. Aragonite crystals, which develop as needles in water, are wrapped around the sand grain. Frictions turn these substances into a polished state.</p>
<p>This is how these wonderfully beautiful tiny marbles, which do not resemble sand, which is the greatest feature of Sedir Island, are formed. This exquisite formation, which until ten years ago reached the entire coast and even the ancient settlement inside, can only be seen in the sea today. Unfortunately, that white foamy beach has turned into soil today.</p>
<p>It is thought that the word Kedrai comes from the Luwian language. Most likely, it changed to Kedrai or Kadrai in the Hellenic language, meaning &#8220;the city of the people of Kadra&#8221;. Information about the history and foundation of this city, whose people were described by Xenephon as &#8220;half Greek and half Barbarian&#8221;, is limited.</p>
<p>Hekataios of Miletos mentions the settlement here in the 6th century BC. The city joined the Carian Union in 404-428 BC, then Attica joined the Delian League and paid annual dues of 3000 drachmas. In 439, this dues decreased to 2000. In the Athens-Sparta war in 405-406 BC, Xenophon besieged the Spartan commander Lysandros Kedrai and captured the city, which sided with the Athenians. He sold his people in the slave market to punish them.</p>
<p>After this incident, Kedrai could never regain its former glory.</p>
<p>During the time of Xenephon, there were also some Carians among the old inhabitants of the city. The city came under the rule of Rhodes in the 2nd century BC, which caused a change in religious belief. In the II-I century BC, two important cults, Apollo Pythios and Apollo Kedrieus, were led by the same priest. After 170 BC, an important person from the Rhodes peraia administered two cults at the same time.</p>
<p>Kedrai under Roman rule also gave a rank of honor to Emperor Vespasian as an expression of their gratitude.</p>
<p>The city walls, Temple of Apollo, Theater, Agora and necropolis area have survived from Kedrai to the present day. Among these, the city walls surround almost the entire coast, starting from the east of the island. The rectangular prism-shaped city walls are in very good condition. The walls were reinforced with square planned bastions.</p>
<p>Among these, a monumental bastion reflecting the most beautiful workmanship of the Hellenistic period, sitting on a four-tiered base on the south side of the island, stands out from the others with its careful workmanship. Not all of the walls were built in the same period.</p>
<p>The temple of Apollo, on a platform supported by terrace walls in the east of the city, is in the Doric style. It is understood from the foundation ruins that have survived to the present day in good condition and the architectural pieces scattered around. This temple is located in the middle of a sacred area surrounded by a perimeter wall. A number of pedestals can be seen next to the thresholds and corners of the entrance doors of this sacred area. The inscriptions have been so damaged that they cannot be read.</p>
<p>Traces of three cylindrical altars can be seen, two of which have garlands on them and one of which has a snake relief. According to mythology, the snake is an animal related to Apollo. Based on this, it can be said that this temple was dedicated to Apollo Kadrieus (Apollon Pythos). During the early Byzantine period, a church on the basilica plan was built over the temple.</p>
<p>We see pieces containing the Jesus monogram and a cross from this period.</p>
<p>There is a theater on the slope in the east of the island, which has survived to the present day. Limestone was used in this building, as in the others. The cavea section and seating levels are in very good condition. Its plan is shaped like a horseshoe, which is considerably larger than a semicircle. What is striking here is that it is quite large for a small city. From this we can assume that a large number of spectators from the surrounding area come to the plays held here from time to time.</p>
<p>The non-symmetrical parados walls were made with very careful workmanship. Skene, on the other hand, remained completely underground.</p>
<p>It is possible that the Agora was on the beach; Because here, pieces such as postales and Ionic style column bases processed with good stone workmanship are found. There is also a B.C. monument built here with meticulous workmanship. There is also a wall fragment that may date back to the 4th century.</p>
<p>The city&#8217;s necropolis is on the mainland opposite the island. The vast majority of these are sarcophagi. In addition, pits and burial chambers are also seen. adakedrairesimessedirtravelholiday				</p>
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		<title>Uşak Ancient City – Blaundos (Blaunda)</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 17:52:37 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[HomeHoliday-TravelUşak Ancient City – Blaundos (Blaunda) Uşak Ancient City – Blaundos (Blaunda) July 9, 2022]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HomeHoliday-TravelUşak Ancient City – Blaundos (Blaunda)			</p>
<p>			Uşak Ancient City – Blaundos (Blaunda)</p>
<p>								July 9, 2022							</p>
<p>Blaundos is 2 km from Sülümendi village, located in the south-west of Ulubey district of Uşak. It is an ancient settlement located in the north. Blaundos was derived from a word from the Luwian language and adapted to the Hellenic language. No surface survey or archaeological excavation has been carried out in the area where Blaundos is located. His name is not mentioned in ancient sources. However, some ruins have survived to the present day in a very good condition.</p>
<p>For example, the arch of the entrance gate of the northern walls built in the Hellenistic age, some parts of the city walls, and the ruins of the Ionic style temple and other structures have survived. Also in the middle of the city, 7.60 x 14.20 m. The temple of the Roman Emperor Claudius and the stadium, which has seating levels on only one side, have survived to the present day in very good condition.</p>
<p>The ruins of the theater on the slope in the south of the city and the rock tombs right next to it also attract attention.</p>
<p>Klannoud (Uşak-Ulubey)</p>
<p>It is on the small hill that the villagers call Hâcet Castle, in the middle of two large hills behind the Kışla village on the road extending from Ulubey to Eşme in Uşak. It is thought that the word Klannoudda comes from the Lydian language. This name, which was later Hellenized, means &#8220;Holy Child&#8221;.</p>
<p>The information is extremely limited as there are no surface surveys or archaeological excavations where the city is located, where ancient sources do not provide sufficient information. Pottery sherds and architectural pieces can be found on the hill and scattered around. There are some ruins on the hill, thought to be the walls of the inner castle in the Acropolis. The stones of the city were probably used in the construction of the village.</p>
<p>Nais (İnay) (Uşak-Ulubey)</p>
<p>7 km from Ulubeyli district of Uşak province. 2 km from İnay village in the west. away. Nais means &#8220;water fairy&#8221; in the Hellenic language. Prof. Bilge Umar writes that there was plenty of water in the area where İnay village is located and the villagers covered this reservoir with concrete in 1975. Although Buresch and H.Keil made some studies on the city, they could not provide sufficient information. For this reason, the history of the city remained dark.</p>
<p>The stones where the city is located were used during the Roman period, and the Ottomans removed the stones for the construction of the caravanserai in the surrounding area. However, not much has survived to the present day, except for the arched gate of the Hellenistic walls and the ruins thought to belong to Nnymqhaeion.</p>
<p>Opsikion, Ovsekyon (Uşak) (Uşak-Central)</p>
<p>49 km from Manisa&#8217;s Salihli District. It is in the middle of a volcanic plain surrounded by mountains to the east. Strabo also refers to this place as Katakekaumene (burnt area). Opsikion, one of the names of the mother goddess in Anatolia, means &#8220;Place of the People of the Mother Goddess&#8221;. It is unknown when Opsikion was founded and its history. Additionally, some different claims have been put forward regarding its location.</p>
<p>According to some, today&#8217;s Kula district is identified with Opsikion. Prof.Bilge Umar says that Opsikion is not in Kula. Byzantine historians wrote that it was on the ridges. However, Opsikion was founded in the pit between the hills in Kula. XIII.</p>
<p>While mentioning the places dominated by the Byzantine Empire, which moved to Nikaeia (Iznik) in the 16th century, the following phrase was found: &#8220;Saittai and Koula, which have castles next to Magidon and Opsikion&#8230;&#8221; This shows that Kula is near Opsikion and is not the same place as it. No surface survey or archaeological excavation has been conducted in this region. In this regard, it is very difficult to provide information that will concretize the claims.</p>
<p>Only where the city is thought to be located, marble architectural pieces, inscriptions and a Kybele relief were found. In addition, the votive stele of the god Men, who healed the son of a woman named Onesime, is in the Uşak Museum today. antiquetravelcitytravelholiday				</p>
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