Friday, October 16, 2026

The Chenchu, Forest Foragers of the Nallamala

In the rugged Nallamala hills of the eastern Deccan, in the forests around the sacred hill of Srisailam, live the Chenchu, one of the classic hunter-gatherer peoples of India. Foragers of the woods and famed collectors of wild honey, recognised as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group, they have preserved into modern times one of the most ancient ways of human life on the subcontinent.

Bound to the forest for their livelihood, their religion, and their identity, and linked to the great shrine of Srisailam through the legend of Chenchu Lakshmi, the Chenchu are children of the woods caught between their old world and the demands of the modern state. This article traces their origins, language, homeland, society, religion, and traditions, and the story of an ancient forest people of the Deccan.

The Chenchu on Film

Contents

Origins

Chenchu tribespeople of the Nallamala forest
Chenchu tribespeople of the Nallamala forest

The Name

The region of the Nallamala forest in Andhra Pradesh, home of the Chenchu
The region of the Nallamala forest in Andhra Pradesh, home of the Chenchu

The Language

A Telugu-era manuscript; the Chenchu speak a form of Telugu
A Telugu-era manuscript; the Chenchu speak a form of Telugu

The Homeland

The Nallamala hills and forest, homeland of the Chenchu
The Nallamala hills and forest, homeland of the Chenchu

The Old Way of Life

A rock-bee hive; honey-gathering is central to Chenchu forest life
A rock-bee hive; honey-gathering is central to Chenchu forest life

Society and Community

A tribal woman of the forest country of Andhra Pradesh
A tribal woman of the forest country of Andhra Pradesh

Religion and Belief

The Srisailam temple, linked to the Chenchu through the legend of Chenchu Lakshmi
The Srisailam temple, linked to the Chenchu through the legend of Chenchu Lakshmi

Traditions

A tribal dance of the forest peoples of Andhra Pradesh
A tribal dance of the forest peoples of Andhra Pradesh

Crafts

The bow and arrow, the essential tool and craft of the Chenchu hunter
The bow and arrow, the essential tool and craft of the Chenchu hunter

Food

Tamarind and other forest produce, gathered by the Chenchu
Tamarind and other forest produce, gathered by the Chenchu

Festivals

An image of Chenchu Lakshmi, central to Chenchu religious tradition
An image of Chenchu Lakshmi, central to Chenchu religious tradition

History

The ancient Srisailam temple, long guarded by the Chenchu
The ancient Srisailam temple, long guarded by the Chenchu

Today

Chenchu people selling forest honey and produce today
Chenchu people selling forest honey and produce today

More Peoples of the World

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